Alternating-current meter.



PA'IEKTED AUG. 4, 1908.

E. MORCKP ALTERNATING CURRENT METER.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 5, \903.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.'

Fig.1.

Fig. 2.

' No. 895.100. PATENTED AUG. 4,'1'90a i r s. MORGK.

ALTERNATING CURRENT METER;

PPLIOATIOX FILED BELLS, 1903.7

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENTED AUG. 4, 1908.

E. MORCK.

ALTERNATIEG CURRENT METER.

Aprmpynox rum) 920.5,1903.

;: SHEETS-SHEET a.

EMAXUEL )lORCK, OF CHARLOTTEXBURG, (iii ALTEBIYATING-CURRENT METER.

moans ul nmgm-tic tho main rurrunt (U21 and Fig. 3

Spegjfiation of Letters Patent.

\ 7 Application filcdDecember 5, 1903. Serial No. 183,928.

PATENT 011 101.

Patented A ug. 4, 1908. r

l the hmm'hing or i'vsnhit-inn 0f hc-th lhtxns. Figs. 4 to 8 illustratesumo wuutruvtinus, hms'iitg by way of exam )l(. in what mmuusr thehmnrhing or rvsnluiznn of tho putt-ntial flux may he i-ll'vctutl. Figs.J tn 1'. illustmtv t'HlXSiItlt'iiOll for tho brunt-hing 0t l'vsulutiunm' the flux hf tho run'vnt ('nil. l igs. l3 21ml 1-4 are sirlu views ofFigs. (3 and t1 rvspmrt iH-ly. 1

in Fig. l 0 l5 t'cplvsmits the \M-tm' uf' tli'e potvntinl. For mm l, themain rut'rvnt XS i phase with thv putontinl, aml tho livhl nrmntunumlt'ui'ms with an unglu of tit) gaps. This can be explained in thefollowshort-circuitd winding, there will be promg manne In an entirelvi1on-closed circurt the eqluivalent sinenvave of the magnetic tluxdueed a secondarv field by ,eddy currents and the resulting field willlag in phase as ags behind the maguctomotive.

force by reason of the eti'ect of the hysteresis.

If an air-gap be inserted in the magnetic path, a portion of thentagnetomotive force will be consumed for carrying the flux through theair gap. It' the air gap increases the inagnetomotive force which isnecessary for causing the ilux to pass through the iron,

becomes small compared to that which' causes the tlux to pass throughtheair. In the same way the inll'uenee of the hysteresis becomes smallwith respect to the total flux and the total llux lags less :ehind themagnetontotive force. It is therefore evident that with a small air-gapthere is a great displacement of phase of the ilux behind themagnetomotive lorce, and with a hi; air-gap there is a small displaement of phase of the llux behind the magnetomotive force. if the lluxis divided over two branches, one of which contains more air than theother (in the first one the h v'steresis is no doubt of only slight.inlluencel, a phasedisplacement of the two branch lluxes mustnecessarily take place or in other words the total tlux divides into aless displaced llux and a. more displaced llux. The secondary lields maybe obtained by means of special inserted short-circuit coils or thr ughthe secondary 'iiehls of the armature.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and 5 in elevation and in planrespectively consists of a motor armature u, a potential coil 1: and aniron frame of F-shape composed of the parts 0, d, I; the iron parts gand 7:- contplete the'magnetic branches. in is the currentcoil. Thetotal tlux which is generated by b tlows through (I. splits up intobranches and flows in part through an iron branch (which is almostclosedand has only a nar row slit or air-gap for the. rece )tion of the motorarmature a) back through c, I and g. The other portion of the. totalllux llows through a. wide air space (which may be varied for the.purpose oi'accurate adjustment of the phase) and through c, /1 and g.The dill'erent magnetic conformation of the two branches has the resultof causitr; the portion of ilux in Z to lag in phase behind the totalflux inth' The iron parts are laminated.

With the object of otherwise producing a dill'erence between thebranches, a. portion of the ell'ective branch may he made solid, as forinstance the part f shown in b o ti and 13. For the same reason ashort-circuit winding'may he inchnledin this branch as shown at i inFig. 7. The action of the nnlam inated iron in Fig. 6 or theshort-circuit. winding, i in Fig. '4' will be. clear by the, followingconsideration. If i have a cottstant magnetic, alternating tlux and Iput 5 unlaniinatcd iron in its way or l apply a well known. Now, if theflux of one coil is divided into two branches that, are whollv 7a i thesame only one has a short-circuit inding or is partly unlaminated, theremust oecnr between the two fluxes in the branches a shifting of phase.

Tn Vie. 8, one branch of the flux passes from I. through the air to 1,and the other branch passes front I: through the armature u to 1. Thedit'l'erence in the conformation of the two branches is effected in thiscase by means of the armature.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a construction in eleadjustable air space for thepurpose and 9t.-

regulatingthe p wise, and back through The other branch isshortcircuited througt iron and flows back through p, o, g. Theditl'erent nature of the. two branches pr0 duees an advance in the phaseof the flux 9..

acting on tho armature relatively to the total llux so that a shiftingof degrees is pro' duced between the active partial flux of tho' currentcoil and the tlux of the potential coil.

In order to produce the desired difference too between the nntgneticbranches onepartof the branch that does not act in a motive sense, maybe made solid, as indicated for example by the part a in Figs. 11 and14, or

a short-circuit coil maybe arranged as is 11):,

indicated at t in Fig 12. Of course still other ctml'ormations andarrangements may be. made for the purpose of establishing two magneticbranches of different natures.

Likewise an exact adust-ntentof the )hase may be etl'ected by modifyingany one portion of the magnetic branches with respect to position oramount. r

llaving now particulnrl described and ascertained the 'nature of thesaid invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare.that what I clann ts:-

]. An alternating current meter comprising a main current coil mountedupon a.

frame having two magnetic branches one of which said branches isprovided with.an adjustable air space; a. potential coil also mountedupon a frame having two magnetic branches one of which said potentialcoil branches is provided with a. constantair 15) space and the otherwith an adjustable air space: and a. suitable armature cutting themagnetic tield of the. main current coil in its atljustablttair space,and the magnetic liehl of the potential coil in its constant air space.11st;

The iron parts (1 and r complete 35' 2. In an alternating current meterternploying a main current and a POtODUtLLQll,

main current and potential coils each of which comprises two magneticbranches of whichone branch of each frame is proti-ied with anadjustable air-gap and the other branch of one of the frames is providedat h a constant air-gap; a disk armature ada bed to be rotated throughthe constant air-gap of one frame and the adjustable air gap of theother frame; and meansconnccted with each of the aforesaid adjustableairraps whereby the width of said air-gap may be varied at will tomodify the magnetic rcluctance of the several branches relative to eachother and to the total flux of each (coil 3. In an alternating currentmeter employing main current and otential coils, the combination with adis armature of frames for mounting said coils adja ent thereto, each ofsaid frames comprising two magnetic branches. of which one branch ofeach coil is provided with an air gap w irrhin which sa ddisk armatureis adapted to be rotated by the magnetic tlux in that brunch; and meansconnected with each frame wlaer by the magnetic reluctance of eachacnire branch of the magnetic flux may be medlfied relatively to that ofthe other branches in such manner asto enable a shifting of phase ofexactly 90 degrees between the :LC'IIfiTG branches of the two fluxes.

4. The process for producing a shit'rJmg phase of 90 degrees in analternating curzncnt l meter which consists in resolving the flux of lthe current coil and of the potential coil into tively effective and theother of which is motively ineffective in such a manner that thatportion of the llux of the potential coil which acts in a motive senselags behind the total flux of the same while that portion of the flux ofthe current coil which actsin a motive sense. leads relatiretv to thetotal llux of the current coil, in such a maunerthat between the activeportions of the tluxcs of the current and potential coils, substantiallyas set forth.

phase of 90 in an alternating current meter, which consistsill-resolving the flux of the bc-tweeu the active portions oi the fluxesof the two coils, as described.

my invention, 1 have signed my name in presence of subscribingwitnesses.

EMANUEL nonoK.

Witnesses:

Woumnan llAUPl', Ilmmr llasrnn, KARL FnANoKE.

a shifting in phase of 90 degrees is produced 5. The process forproducing a shifting of nor as to produce a shifting of phase of 90 Intestimony that I claim the foregoing as the combination of frames-formounting $itmfii'O"mHflnCliG branches one of which is mo current of thecurrent coil and of the potcn i

